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Heliotrope rash is caused by dermatomyositis (DM), a rare connective tissue disease. People with this disease have a violet or bluish-purple rash that develops on areas of the skin. They can also experience muscle weakness, fever, and joint aches.
The rash may be itchy or cause a burning sensation. It commonly appears on sun-exposed areas of the skin, including the:
face (including eyelids)
neck
knuckles
elbows
chest
back
knees
shoulders
hips
nails
It isn’t uncommon for a person with this condition to have purple eyelids. The purple pattern on the eyelids may resemble a heliotropeflower, which has small purple petals.
DM is rare. In the United States, researchers believe there are up to 10 cases per 1 million adults. Likewise, there are about three cases per 1 million children. Women are more commonly affected than men, and African-Americans are more commonly affected than Caucasians.
What causes heliotrope rash?
The rash is a complication of DM. This connective tissue disorder has no known cause. Researchers are trying to understand who is likely to develop the disorder and what increases their risk.
Possible causes of dermatomyositis include:
Family or genetic history: If someone in your family has the disease, your risk may be higher.
An autoimmune disease: A functioning immune system attacks unhealthy or invading bacteria. In some people, however, the immune system attacks healthy cells. When this happens, the body responds by causing unexplained symptoms.
Underlying cancer: People with DM are at a higher risk for developing cancer, so researchers are investigating whether cancer genes play a role in who develops the disorder.
Infection or exposure: It’s possible that exposure to a toxin or trigger could play a role in who develops DM and who doesn’t. Likewise, a previous infection may also affect your risk.
Complication of medication: Side effects from some medications could lead to a rare complication like DM.
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